the Roll of Honour is part of Canberra .

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Red, white and blue against blue
Made by Rich007
The 'classic view' of the national flag of the Commonwealth of Australia, flying above the Australian War Memorial, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Chosen in 1901 from entries in a worldwide design competition held following Federation, this design was approved by Australian and British authorities over the next few years, although the exact specifications of the flag were changed several times both intentionally and as a result of confusion. It was only in 1954 that the flag became legally recognised as the 'Australian National Flag.' The design is a defaced Blue Ensign: a blue field with the British Union Flag in the canton (upper hoist quarter), and a large white seven-pointed star known as the Commonwealth Star in the lower hoist quarter. The fly contains a representation of the Southern Cross constellation, made up of five white stars. The inclusion of the Union Flag is thought locally to symbolise Australia's history as six British colonies and the principles upon which the Australian Federation is based, although a more historic view sees its inclusion in the design as demonstrating loyalty to the British Empire. The Commonwealth Star originally had only six points, representing the six federating colonies. However, this changed in 1908 when a seventh point was added to symbolise the Territory of Papua and any future territories. The Southern Cross is one of the most distinctive constellations visible in the southern hemisphere, and has been used to represent Australia since the early days of British settlement. Ivor Evans, one of the flag's designers, intended the Southern Cross to refer also to the four moral virtues ascribed to the four main stars by Dante: justice, prudence, temperance and fortitude. The number of points on the stars of the Southern Cross on today's Australian flag differs from the original competition-winning design, on which they ranged between five and nine points each, representing their relative brightness in the night sky. In order to simplify manufacture, the British Admiralty standardised the four larger outer stars at seven points each, leaving the smaller middle star with five points. Taken on August 18, 2008.


184_2535 Amiens railway gun barrel
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
The capture of the Amiens Gun by Australian and British soldiers was a significant achievement. During the summer of 1918 the gun, on a railway carriage, was used by the Germans to fire on the city of Amiens, about 25 kilometres away. The Allies had been unable to destroy this powerful weapon . During the August 8 advance, a British Sopwith Camel bombed the train causing the German soldiers on board to evacuate. Although RAF aircraft and British cavalry were the first to engage the gun, the advancing Australian infantry claimed it. “We had been sent with a quantity of Amanol to blow up the large gun … however Les Strahan one of our sappers in the party had been a driver in the Western Australian railways, and he found there was still a head of steam, he asked for a fair go, instead of blowing the gun up he got the engine going, we were told then to try to get it back if possible into a cutting so it could be camouflaged.” Corporal John Palmer, 8th Field Company The Amiens gun barrel weighs 45 tons (40,824 kilograms) and has a calibre measurement of 28 centimetres (11.15 inches). Built in 1904 by Friedrick Krupp, it was originally a German naval gun, until it was modified to be used as a railway gun during the war. The Amiens gun was later exhibited in Paris before it was sent to England for transport to Australia as a war trophy. While the gun's carriage was eventually destroyed, the barrel remains intact, and is on display outdoors at the Australian War Memorial. www.awm.gov.au/exhibitions/1918/battles/amiensgun.asp


184_2665 Simpson & his donkey
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
John Simpson Kirkpatrick: Simpson and his donkey John/Jack Simpson Kirkpatrick was born in 1892 at South Shields in the north east of England. As a child during his summer holidays he used to work as a donkey-lad on the sands of South Shields. In 1910 he arrived in Australia In August 1914 he enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force, serving at Gallipoli the following year as Private John Simpson in the 3rd Field Ambulance, Australian Army Medical Corps. He served from the time of the landing at Gallipoli on 25 April until he was killed in action on 19 May. In those 24 days he rescued over 300 men. Simpson became famous for his work as a stretcher-bearer. Using one of the donkeys brought in for carrying water, he transported wounded men day and night from the fighting in Monash Valley to the beach on ANZAC Cove. He did so, according to Charles Bean, through deadly sniping down the valley and the most furious shrapnel fire. He was killed by machine-gun fire while carrying two wounded men and was buried on the beach at Hell Spit. The war diary of the 3rd Field Ambulance commended the excellence of the work performed by Pte Simpson continuously since landing. Simpson was posthumously Mentioned in Despatches. His donkey was known as Abdul, Murphy, or Duffy. www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/simpson.asp For more information go to: www.anzacs.net/Simpson.htm


184_2545 Parliament House
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
Parliament House is situated on Capital Hill just South of Lake Burley Griffin. It can be seen by its flag raised upon 4 legs towering over the building, and is a recent extension of Burley Griffin's vision for Canberra. It was designed by Romaldo Gieurgola, an Italian, and built in 1988 costing $1.1 billion. In order to preserve the shape of the hill, on which it is built, it was constructed into the top of the hill with the roof being grassed over. The building axis runs from North to East and South to West, and is situated perfectly inline with Old Parliament House, the Australian War Memorial and Mt. Ainslie. www.australianexplorer.com/canberra_parliament_house.htm Old Parliament House is situated between Parliament House and Lake Burley Griffin. Although it was initially built as a temporary parliament house, government stayed there from 1927 right up until 1988. www.australianexplorer.com/canberra_old_parliament_house.htm


Gallipoli 1915
Made by End of Level Boss
In Canberra's War Museum there are loads of artifacts from mankinds darkest hours. But the one that struck a chord with me was this. It's a boat that was used in the raid on Gallipoli. To outsiders... Turkey's beach, Gallipoli has a huge significance in Australia/ New Zealand's history. It was the first time we were brought into a huge combat. It was where our combined nation's innocence was lost. We landed on the wrong beach and as a result were slaughtered where we landed. Those holes you see there on the rather tough metal boat are evidence to the resistance offered by the Turks. We don't look back in anger at this. We can't debate on the right's and wrongs. It happened. We can embrace the spirit of those who fell. The friendship that now exists between our nations is what has been won. The respect of each other was earnt by the fallen. I don't hold many things in as high regard as I do the bravery and spirit of those diggers who fell in World War 1. They say least we forget. I won't!


184_2669 Bridge from the HMAS Brisbane
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
HMAS Brisbane was one of 3 Charles F Adams Class guided missile destroyers (DDG) buit in the United States in the 1960s for the Royal Australian Navy. Operating with the US Fleet during the Vietnam War, the 3 destroyers: Brisbane, Hobart & Perth, provided fire support for the ground forces. During the First Gulf War Brisbane served as part of a defensive screen for US Carrier Battle Groups in the Persian Gulf. Brisbane provided anti-ship protection and controlled fighter combat air patrols. While it didn’t come under fire it was constantly in danger from sea mines. HMAS Brisbane was decommissioned in 2001. In 2005 it was sunk off the Queensland coast and is now a dive site. Before sinking the bridge was removed. This is its Gulf War configuration. www.scubaworld.com.au/hmas-brisbane-dive.php www.navy.gov.au/HMAS_Brisbane_(I)


184_2584 darkness & light
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
The Australian War Memorial was opened in 1941, and looks down upon Canberra and Parliament House. It is considered one of the nation's greatest. Standing at the top of Anzac Parade, the memorial is home to a large collection of pictures, media and information about the War, personal and public records and more. The collections held in the Australian War Memorial reflect a number of wars/armed conflicts with which Australia has contributed across the globe. These include WWI, WWII, Korean War, South African War, Gulf War and many others. The memorial hosts a range of activities, a vast collection of information and pays tribute to over 100,000 Australian men and women who died serving their country both here and overseas. www.australianexplorer.com/canberra_australian_war_memori...


Lest We Forget
Made by f0rbe5
The Roll of Honour records and commemorates the names of Australia’s war dead. It takes the form of bronze panels in the Memorial’s Commemorative Area and the Roll of Honour database, which is accessible via the Memorial’s website. The Roll is found on the upper floor surrounding the Commemorative Courtyard. Here are inscribed in bronze the names of virtually every Australian who has died in war since 1885 – more than 102,000 people - the largest single conflict in terms of casualties is World War I. Australia is one of the few nations able to name its war dead so completely. Walking past the Roll gives an impression of the magnitude of this loss. Many visitors insert paper poppies in the niches of the Roll of Honour, next to a name that has significance for them. - From the Australian War Museum. Seen here the week after Remembrance Day 2009.


184_2549-2551 Australian War Memorial
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
The Australian War Memorial was opened in 1941, and looks down upon Canberra and Parliament House. Standing at the top of Anzac Parade, the memorial is home to a large collection of pictures, media and information about the War, personal and public records and more. The collections held in the Australian War Memorial reflect a number of wars/armed conflicts with which Australia has contributed across the globe. These include WWI, WWII, Korean War, South African War, Gulf War and many others. The memorial hosts a range of activities, a vast collection of information and pays tribute to over 100,000 Australian men and women who died serving their country both here and overseas. www.australianexplorer.com/canberra_australian_war_memori...


184_2524 ANZAC Parade, War Memorial, Mt Ainsley
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
taken from the car while approaching the War Memorial - I wasn't driving! Anzac Parade is the National Capital’s major ceremonial avenue. Memorials dedicated to the Australian and New Zealand service men and women who have fought and lost their lives in war line the length of the Parade. The national capital's major ceremonial avenue is set along the Land Axis, forming a key feature of the original 1912 plan for Canberra by Walter Burley Griffin. Anzac Parade is easily recognisable from the Mt Ainslie lookout. www.about-australia.com/travel-guides/australian-capital-...


184_2660 Testra Tower Black Mountain from AWM
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
Rising 195 metres above the summit of Black Mountain, the Tower presents 360 degree views of Canberra and the surrounding rural area. There are 2 open viewing areas and another inside, rapping around the tower. The tower opened in 1980 and it incorporates a theatrette, Panorama Cafe and Gift Shop and the five star Alto Tower Restaurant, Canberra's only revolving restaurant. It also p provides essential communications facilities for the National Capital, including major trunk line radio telephone facilities, television transmitters for national and commercial services, FM radio transmitters, mobile radio telephone, and cellular phone Base stations. www.blackmountaintower.com.au/


184_2676 Centurion Tank, No169056
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
Developed during the final years of WW2, the Centurion was the first British tank to combine the functions of an infantry support tank and a fast cruiser tank. In 1951 the Australian Army received its first (Mk 3) Centurion tanks. In early 1968 Centurion tans, supported by bridge layers, dozers & recovery vehicles, were deployed to Sth Vietnam in support of the 1st Australian Task Force. www.awm.gov.au/blog/2008/11/10/recent-acquisitions-centur... www.awm.gov.au/blog/2008/11/10/recent-acquisitions-centur...


184_2553 ANZAC Parade
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
Anzac Parade is the National Capital’s major ceremonial avenue. Memorials dedicated to the Australian and New Zealand service men and women who have fought and lost their lives in war line the length of the Parade. The national capital's major ceremonial avenue is set along the Land Axis, forming a key feature of the original 1912 plan for Canberra by Walter Burley Griffin. Anzac Parade is easily recognisable from the Mt Ainslie lookout. www.about-australia.com/travel-guides/australian-capital-...


184_2616 MiG-15 bis
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
After the Second World War, the Soviet Union produced the MiG-15, a modern jet fighter powered by a British-designed engine. The MiG-15 was as good as any of the fighter aircraft used by the United Nations forces, and better than the RAAF's Meteors. Like the Zero 10yrs before, its performance came as an unwelcome suprise. Flown by Chinese, North Korean and Soviet pilots, the little jet fighters rapidly forced older United nations Bombers and fighters out of the air battle. This aircraft at the War Memorial was built in about 1950 in the Soviet Union; it might have flown in Korea.


184_2643 The Sopwith 7F1 Snipe Model
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
Sopwith 7F.1 Snipe A new design was drawn up under the type number 7F.1 and was named Snipe. The first machine bore a strong resemblance to the Camel, particularly in its fuselage and tail unit. There appeared to be no marked basic structural difference between the fuselage of the original Snipe and that of the Camel, but obviously the later aircraft had to be designed to accommodate the larger diameter and greater power of the B.R.2 engine. www.ctie.monash.edu.au/hargrave/sopwith2.html#snipe


184_2587 Perpetual flame
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
A flame is widely accepted as a symbol of eternal life. An eternal flame at a war memorial symbolizes a nation's perpetual gratitude towards, and remembrance of, its war dead. The Eternal Flame is a sculptural feature of the Pool of Reflection in the courtyard of the Australian War Memorial. It is a perpetual reminder of the service and sacrifice of more than 100,000 Australians who have given their lives in war. www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/eternal_flame/index.asp


184_2608 Hawker Sea Fury FB11
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
Hawker Sea Fury aircraft were operated by the Royal Australian Navy during the Korean War 1950 to 1953. Flying from the aircraft carrier HMAS Sydney, these aircraft conducted hundreds of ground attack sorties against North Korean and Communist Chinese forces and installations. The immensely big and powerful Bristol Centaurus 2,480-horse powered engine was used in the Hawker Sea Fury Fighter-Bomber. This engine had 18 cylinders.


Lest we forget
Made by claudia@flickr
Canberra, War Memorial They went with songs to the battle, they were young. Straight of limb, true of eyes, steady and aglow. They were staunch to the end against odds uncounted, They fell with their faces to the foe. They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old: Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. At the going down of the sun and in the morning, We will remember them.


184_2650 surveillance Balloon Basket WW1
Made by Kate's Photo Diary
Balloon, tethered to the ground, had been spotting for the Australian Army. The observer in the basket of the “captive” balloon had a telephone to relay his sightings. This basket was crushed on hitting the ground after a German aircraft had fired the British balloon. It was near Ypres, Belgium, in January 1918. (Information from War Memorial photograph.)


Australian War Memorial
Made by cjsimmons
The Commemorative Area at the Australian War Memorial. It had just started raining, so everyone moved inside, so I went out. :) 19 Feb 2010: Just found this photo being used on a blog post on ABC's website: blogs.abc.net.au/canberra/2009/09/awm-transaction.html